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Revision as of 19:34, 27 December 2022

Lock


A lock is a device used to restrict access to an area or enclosure. It is the duty of the lock to restrict access until the correct key or combination is used to operate the lock. Most modern locks are a combination of a cylinder and a bolt. There several major types of locks with many high security locks being hybrid designs.


A list of the lock models which have their own articles in LockWiki can be found on the Category:Lock models page.


History

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Lock Designs

Axial/Tubular
A pin-tumbler based design with pins arranged in a circle and accessible from the face of the lock.
Combination
A keyless lock that uses numbers, letters, or symbols for input. A specific combination of input properly aligns internal components so that the lock can be opened. Most commonly associated with safes or combination padlocks. Combination locks range from low to high security.
Dimple
A pin-tumbler based design that uses a horizontal keyway rather than the traditional vertical style. High-security dimple locks have various security features that most traditional pin-tumblers don't. Namely, the use of telescoping pins.
Disc-detainer
Uses flat metal tumblers that interface with a sidebar to prevent rotation of the plug. Separate from wafer designs because discs are usually rotated rather than lifted.
Electronic
A lock that is operated via electronic means. Electronic locks may incorporate various digital access control features, such as biometrics. Electronic locks usually provide advanced auditing and key control capabilities, but generally are not any more secure than traditional locks. Many electronic locks are also combination locks.
Hybrid
Hybrid locks encompass combinations of all lock designs. Many modern high security locks are hybrid designs.
Lever
Uses flat metal tumblers (levers) with a gate. Lever locks range from low to high security. One of the oldest lock types, next to warded.
Magnetic
Uses magnetism to properly position components. Most magnetic locks use the tradtional plug/cylinder arrangement with magnetic components blocking the shear line. Magnetic locks can vary from low to high security.
Pin-tumbler
Uses moving pins to prevent rotation of the plug. Pin-tumbler locks range from low to high security. Dimple and axial/tubular locks are simply pin-tumblers with modified designs. Currently the most popular lock design worldwide.
Slider
A slider is a wafer-like object used as a locking component in many locks. Sliders are most commonly used in addition to traditional pins or wafers as secondary locking systems.
Wafer
Uses flat metal tumblers to prevent rotation of the plug. Wafer locks range from low to high security, with the vast majority of wafer locks being low security.
Warded
Uses internal wards to obstruct the rotation of incorrect keys. One of the oldest lock designs, but provides minimal security by modern standards.

Lock Types

Cam Lock
A lock that uses the cam or actuator as the bolt mechanism.
Cylinder
A lock that uses a rotating cylinder to actuate the locking bolt.
Padlock
A lock that uses a self-recessed bolt or shackle and is not mounted to a door or wall. Many padlocks use a cylinder-based lock design.

Locking Bolt Mechanisms

See Bolt or Latch.

Compromise of Locks

Security of locks can be compromised many ways, depending on the type, manufacturer and model, and the installation and maintenance details of a target lock. The practice of compromising locks as a hobby is known as locksport.

Lockpicking
Internal components are manipulated to allow the lock to be opened.
Bypass
The non-cylinder portions of the lock are attacked, such as the locking bolt or the actuator.
Impressioning
A working key is duplicated or internal components are manipulated to provide a working key.
Decoding
The proper position of internal components is decoded via examination of the key or manipulation of internal components.
Destructive Entry
Destruction of or damage to the lock or surrounding materials, such as a door or wall. Also known as forced entry.
Robbery/Violence
The proper key or combination is foricbly obtained from authorized users by threatening or inflicting physical or emotional harm.
Deception
The proper key or combination is obtained via theft, impersonation, blackmail, or fraud.


Lock Cylinder Identification

Lock Keyhole Orientation Keyhole Shape Detainer Type Detainer Action Detainer Quantity Image
ABA cam lock Disc-detainer Push ABA cam lock keyway-GWiens2001.jpg
Abloy Classic Disc-detainer Rotate
Abloy Disklock Disc-detainer Rotate
ABUS EC700 Horzontal Pin-tumbler Elevate 10 ABUS EC700 keyway - FXE47656.jpg
ACE II Round keyway Pin-tumbler Push 7 Ace 2 cylinder.jpg
Avocet ABS Horizontal Pin-tumbler Elevate Avocet ABS cylinder.jpg
CISA C2000 Vertical Paracentric Pin-tumbler Elevate 5 C2000 least.png
DeGuard Interactive Horizontal Pin-tumbler Elevate 4 or 5 DeGuard-Dimple-front.jpg
DOM DAS Horizontal Elevate DOM DAS cylinder.jpg
DOM Plura Pin-tumbler Elevate 6 DOM Plura keyway-Reinder.png
Kale Kilit 164 BNE Horizontal Pin-tumbler Elevate 10 Kale Kilit 164 BNE - keyway - FXE47654.jpg
Medeco Duracam Horizontal Pin-tumbler Elevate, Rotate Medeco Duracam cylinder.jpg
Nemef NF4 Horizontal Pin-tumbler Elevate 8 Nemef T1112-front-toool.jpg
Opnus Memolis Horizontal Lever Elevate 14 Opnus Memolis keyway 01-Reider.jpg
Pollux 7 Round keyway Pin-tumbler Push 7 Pollux 7 keyway-Reinder.png
Schlage Everest Vertical Undercut groove Pin-tumbler Elevate 7 Schlage Everest cylinder.jpg

See also